24 Tirthankars

No.	Name	Father	Mother	Dynasty	Place of Birth	Place of Moksha	Symbol	Timeline as per scholars	Remarks
1	Rishabhanatha	Nabhiraja	Marudevi	Ikshvaku	Ayodhya	Mount Ashtapada	Bull	10,000 BCE – 5,000 BCE	Possible link to Indus Valley Civilization
2	Ajitanatha	Jitashatru	Vijaya	Ikshvaku	Ayodhya	Sammed Shikharji	Elephant	8,000 BCE – 5,000 BCE	Pre Vedic Era Estimate
3	Sambhavanatha	Jitari	Senadevi	Ikshvaku	Shravasti	Sammed Shikharji	Horse	7,000 BCE – 5,000 BCE
4	Abhinandananatha	Samvara	Siddhartha	Ikshvaku	Ayodhya	Sammed Shikharji	Monkey	6,000 BCE – 4,000 BCE
5	Sumatinatha	Megha	Mangala	Ikshvaku	Ayodhya	Sammed Shikharji	Cuckoo	6,000 BCE – 4,000 BCE
6	Padmaprabha	Dhara	Susima	Ikshvaku	Kausambi	Sammed Shikharji	Red Lotus	5,500 BCE – 3,500 BCE
7	Suparshvanatha	Pratishtha	Prithvi	Ikshvaku	Varanasi	Sammed Shikharji	Swastika	5,000 BCE – 3,000 BCE
8	Chandraprabha	Mahasena	Lakshmana	Ikshvaku	Chandrapuri	Sammed Shikharji	Crescent Moon	4,500 BCE – 3,000 BCE
9	Pushpadanta (Suvidhinatha)	Sugriva	Rama	Ikshvaku	Kakandi	Sammed Shikharji	Crocodile	4,000 BCE – 3,000 BCE
10	Shitalanatha	Dridharatha	Sunanda	Ikshvaku	Bhadrikapuri	Sammed Shikharji	Srivatsa	3,500 BCE – 2,500 BCE
11	Shreyansanatha	Vishnu	Vishnu Devi	Ikshvaku	Simhapuri	Sammed Shikharji	Rhinoceros	3,000 BCE – 2,000 BCE
12	Vasupujya	Vasupujya	Jaya Devi	Vasudeva	Champapuri	Champapuri	Buffalo	2,800 BCE – 1,800 BCE
13	Vimalanatha	Kratvarma	Shyama	Ikshvaku	Kampilya	Sammed Shikharji	Boar	2,500 BCE – 1,500 BCE
14	Anantanatha	Simhasena	Suyasha	Ikshvaku	Ayodhya	Sammed Shikharji	Falcon	2,000 BCE – 1,500 BCE
15	Dharmanatha	Bhanu	Suvrata	Ikshvaku	Ratnapuri	Sammed Shikharji	Vajra	2,000 BCE – 1,200 BCE
16	Shantinatha	Viswasena	Achira	Ikshvaku	Hastinapur	Sammed Shikharji	Deer	1,800 BCE – 1,000 BCE
17	Kunthunatha	Surya	Shree Devi	Ikshvaku	Hastinapur	Sammed Shikharji	Goat	1,500 BCE – 900 BCE
18	Aranatha	Sudarshana	Devi	Ikshvaku	Hastinapur	Sammed Shikharji	Swastika	1,200 BCE – 800 BCE
19	Mallinatha	Kumbha	Prabhavati	Ikshvaku	Mithila	Sammed Shikharji	Kalasha	1,000 BCE – 800 BCE
20	Munisuvrata	Sumitra	Padmavati	Harivamsa	Rajagriha	Sammed Shikharji	Tortoise	900 BCE – 700 BCE	Likely contemporary of Lord Rama
21	Naminatha	Vijay	Vapra Devi	Ikshvaku	Mithila	Sammed Shikharji	Blue Lotus	800 BCE – 600 BCE
22	Neminatha	Samudravijaya	Shivadevi	Yadava	Sauripura (Dwarka)	Girnar Hills	Conch Shell	c. 1,000 BCE	Possible link to Lord Krishna’s era in Yadava dynasty
23	Parshvanatha	Ashvasena	Vama Devi	Ikshvaku	Varanasi	Sammed Shikharji	Snake	872 BCE – 772 BCE	First historically accepted Tirthankar
24	Mahavira	Siddhartha	Trishala	Ikshvaku	Kundagrama (Vaishali)	Pawapuri	Lion	599 BCE – 527 BCE	Most historically verified Tirthankar, contemporary of Buddha

KEY HIGHLIGHTS

Most Tirthankars (20 out of 24) belonged to the Ikshvaku dynasty.
Vasupujya (12th Tirthankar) belonged to the Vasudeva clan.
Munisuvrata (20th Tirthankar) belonged to the Harivamsa dynasty.
Neminatha (22nd Tirthankar) was from the Yadava dynasty.
Parshvanatha (23rd Tirthankar) and Mahavira (24th Tirthankar) are the most historically acknowledged Tirthankars.

Jain Traditional Timeline

According to Jain cosmology:

The 24 Tirthankars lived in the current cosmic cycle (Avasarpini), a period lasting millions of years.
The first Tirthankar, Rishabhanatha, lived millions of years ago, with an incredibly long lifespan.
Over time, lifespans and human height decreased, leading to the later Tirthankars having shorter life spans.